The moss collection is based on mosses collected by Felix Bilevsky (1902-1979), who collected and studied the mosses of the Land of Israel and donated his important moss collection to the herbarium. Clara Chen (1924-1998) and Ilana Herrnstadt continued to collect and study the moss species in Israel, and in 2004 their work was compiled into the book "The Bryophyte Flora of Israel and Adjacent Regions". The book, written together with researchers Helen Bischler and Suzanne Jovet-Est from France, describes nearly 261 species of mosses that grow in Israel.

The mushroom collection was established by Prof. Charna Rice (1890-1965) and contains examples of phytopathogenic fungi (mainly) from Israel and the world collected in the first half of the twentieth century. Prof. Reiss joined the university faculty in 1934 and was mainly involved in the study of fungi that harm plant crops and seaweed. In 1951, together with Israel Reichert, she published the book "Truffles and Mushrooms" with illustrations by Ruth Koppel.

The cataloging of the collection began in October 2016 and currently over 13,000 sheets are cataloged in the collection. Among the common types of fungi in the collection are Puccinia, Septoria, Uromyces, Cercospora, Dothidella, Bremia, Ascidium, Ascochyta.

David Zaicek (1904-1990) was born in Brno, Czech Republic. He earned a doctorate in agricultural sciences in the land of his birth, with the aim of applying his studies after immigrating to the Land of Israel. After finishing his studies, he worked in the departments of botany and agricultural bacteriology at the university, and in the department of plant breeding and improvement. Served in the Czechoslovak army between 1931-1933. In 1934 he married Aliza nee Blonsky and the two immigrated to Israel that year. After his arrival, Dr. Zaychek worked for a year at the station for agricultural experiments in Rehovot, and in 1936 he moved to work in the botany department of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. In his first years at the university, he worked in the botany department, taught and managed the research laboratories. He was a beloved and respected lecturer. In 1955 he participated in the establishment of the School of Pharmacy, where he worked as the director of the School of Chemistry of Natural Materials and Pharmacognosy, until his retirement in 1972.

As part of his scientific work, Dr. Zaychek was involved in the botany of cultivated plants and the research of medicinal plants. He founded ethno-botanical research in Israel, and the folklore study of medicinal plants. As part of his research, he interviewed many people, both natives of the country and new immigrants, and created a very large collection of medicinal plants and an ethno-botanical information card. This collection is currently kept in the National Herbarium of the Hebrew University. Another area of ​​research in which Dr. Zaychek dealt was archaeobotanics. He studied and identified plants from archaeological excavations. In this framework he participated in archaeological excavations, including the first expeditions to the caves of the Judean Desert.

During the years of the struggle, David Zaicek was active in the defense where he was in charge of the observers. He developed methods of observation that were not common until then, including the use of a telescope donated to the Hebrew University by an amateur astronomer from the USA for long-distance observations. Volunteer work was an integral part of Dr. Zaychek's extensive activity. Two years after he immigrated to Israel, in 1936 , he established the "Aig Society" for the dissemination of nature knowledge. The purpose of the society was to increase the knowledge of nature in the general public and to establish nature collections and laboratories that are available to students outside the university. For this purpose, he recruited many researchers from diverse fields of research into the society's activities, who spoke to the general public. In addition For his scientific work, Dr. Zaychek was an amateur astronomer at a professional level. In 1951, he founded the "Association of Amateur Astronomers in Israel" - the Association for Astronomy, which he managed for about 30 years. In 1952, the association established the first planetarium in Caspia and operated the first telescope in Israel, The same telescope that was used in the War of Independence for observations of the Jordanian past of the border. The planetarium was located in the barracks of the natural sciences of the university in Telvia. There were lectures and observations open to the general public.

From 1955, Dr. Zaychek edited the Astronomical Society's newsletter "The Stars in the New". In 1956, the association received a large donation from the Williams family that allowed it to establish the Williams Planetarium on the Givat-Ram campus of the Hebrew University. The planetarium, which was the only one in Israel, operated until the early 80s of the last century, and was the first center in Israel for studying astronomy. As part of his activity in the Astronomical Society, Dr. Zaychek published many articles and also broadcast a weekly segment on the radio.

Dr. Zaychek's ethnobotanical collection is kept in the National Herbarium at the Hebrew University, Givat Ram. The tabs belong to the catalog collection and the information can be downloaded at the link: Zaychek Collection.

Aharon Aharonson (1876 – 1919) was an agronomist, scientist and Zionist politician from the founder and head of the Nili underground and discoverer of the "mother of wheat". In the years 1900 - 1915 Aharon Aharonson traveled to Israel, the countries of the Levant and other countries, where he collected hundreds of plants, fossils and minerals. The Aharonson Collection Contains about 30,000 plants, of which about 10,000 sheets of plants collected in his travels were sorted and arranged by Hillel Oppenheimer. The collection includes the wild wheat first found by Aharonson in 1906 in Rosh Pina. In the collection you can find other species first found by Aharonson such as Homaat Ha'Iron - plant The one found for the first time by Aharon Aharonson in the Binyamin area, is an endemic (unique) species of the Land of Israel that is in danger of extinction. It is one of the rarest species in the country. It was scientifically described by Ibn-Ari in the days when he worked at Beit Aharonson and called (also by Aharonson ) named after the patron - Baron Rothschild - Rumex rothschildianus.

- Shum Feinberg was first found in Hermon by Ahernson, who gave it a scientific description and named it after his brother who was killed. The mountain tulip is a Sharon variety, "Tsuvoni Hasharon" was first described by Aharonson and is an incredibly beautiful plant ("Lily of the Sharon"). This plant does not currently have the status of a separate species, but is a geographic variety.

Aaronson Pektorovsky was first found in Israel in the 1930s, after Aaronson's death. This plant was described by Alexander Eig who named it after two of the pioneers of "Hebrew" botany who died prematurely, Ahernson and Factory.

In the photo: the grass blade of wild wheat collected by Aharon Aharonson in 1906.

The collection of vascular plants is the central and largest collection in herbaria. The main collection of vascular plants from the Mediterranean basin and the Middle East includes approximately one million sheets of vascular plants from Israel and Jordan, Hermon, Sinai, Egypt, the Middle East, the Caucasus, the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, and the Mediterranean countries. In addition, sheets from regions from the rest of the world are arranged in separate cabinets. In the collection you can find vouchers that were the basis for research, scientific illustration of the Palestinian flora, seed collections for the gene bank and more.

Most of the algae in the collection were collected by Prof. Tsharna Rice between the years 1930-1960. Over the years, additional collections were added, including the collection of Dr. Barbaro Lundberg.

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